Automotive financing is a large U.S. household-credit market, with reported auto debt, new loan flows, long contracts, and measurable differences across borrower and vehicle types. The figures below distinguish balances, originations, delinquency definitions, study samples, and broader household-debt context.
Key Automotive Financing Statistics
The most useful headline figures include:
- In Q2 2025, U.S. auto loan balances totaled $1.655 trillion among households represented in Equifax credit reports.
- From Q1 to Q2 2025, reported U.S. auto debt increased by $13 billion.
- Between Q2 2024 and Q2 2025, U.S. auto debt rose by $29 billion.
- In Q2 2025, $188 billion of new U.S. auto loans and leases appeared on credit reports.
- During 2024, U.S. auto loan balances expanded by $48 billion.
- In 2024, borrowers with origination credit scores above 760 originated $264 billion in U.S. auto loans.
- In 2024, subprime borrowers represented about 16% of total U.S. new auto-loan originations.
- During 2024, borrowers with origination scores of 620–679 had about a 4% quarterly delinquency-transition probability in an alternative U.S. loan-level analysis.
- In Q2 2025, 2.93% of U.S. auto-loan balances entered 90-plus-day serious delinquency.
- In the CFPB study cross-section, the mean vehicle value was $34,929 for sampled U.S. auto loans.
- In that study sample, the mean scheduled monthly payment was $546.
- In that study sample, the mean original loan term was 74 months.
- In that study sample, the mean original interest rate was 4.8%.
- In the CFPB cross-sectional sample, electric vehicles represented 22,444 sampled loans.
- In the sample, mean electric-vehicle borrower credit score was 788.
- In the sample, mean electric-vehicle original interest rate was 2.3%.
- In the CFPB cross-section, mean electric-vehicle loan delinquency was 0.272%.
- Across the complete CFPB study panel, monthly delinquency averaged 0.197% across sampled auto-loan observations.
- The CFPB combined auto-finance pilot contains almost 34 million U.S. loan originations from 2018 through 2022.
- At the end of Q4 2024, U.S. household debt totaled $20.2 trillion, a broader measure than automotive financing.
Contents
- Market balances and new loan activity
- Originations, credit risk, and borrower performance
- Loan terms, payments, and interest rates
- Electric, hybrid, and combustion vehicle financing
- Delinquency, servicing, and negative-equity evidence
Automotive Financing Statistics: Market Balances and New Loan Activity
The New York Fed’s Consumer Credit Panel, drawn from anonymized Equifax credit reports, provides the broadest market-level measures in this dataset. Its reported balances and flows describe U.S. households represented in those records, not vehicle sales directly.
| Measure | Period | Reported result |
|---|---|---|
| Auto loan balances | Q2 2025 | $1.655 trillion |
| Quarter-to-quarter change in auto debt | Q1–Q2 2025 | $13 billion increase |
| Year-over-year change in auto debt | Q2 2024–Q2 2025 | $29 billion increase |
| New loans and leases appearing on credit reports | Q2 2025 | $188 billion |
The $188 billion in new auto loans and leases appearing on credit reports in Q2 2025 was up from $166 billion in Q1 2025. The New York Fed identifies this as a reported quarterly flow, so it should not be treated as a direct measure of vehicle sales. New York Fed, “Household Debt Growth Remains Steady; Auto Loan Originations Pick Up”
Annual data also show continued expansion. Auto loan balances increased by $48 billion during calendar year 2024, while borrowers with origination scores above 760 originated $264 billion in new auto loans, compared with $252 billion in 2023 and $250 billion in 2022.
These credit-score figures are measured at origination and apply to the above-760 group, not all borrowers. New York Fed, “Breaking Down Auto Loan Performance”
Automotive Loan Originations, Credit Risk, and Borrower Performance
Credit segmentation changes how automotive financing performance should be read. In the cited New York Fed analysis, subprime borrowers accounted for about 16% of U.S. new auto-loan originations in 2024, although the article uses a source-specific definition of subprime.
The same analysis reports a meaningful change for borrowers with origination scores of 620–679: their estimated quarterly probability of transitioning into delinquency was about 2% before the pandemic and about 4% during 2024. These are alternative loan-level estimates, and the source uses its own inclusion criteria and defines the transition as reaching at least 30 days past due. New York Fed, “Breaking Down Auto Loan Performance”
The New York Fed’s Q2 2025 release reports that 2.93% of auto-loan balances entered 90-plus-day serious delinquency, compared with 2.88% in Q2 2024. This is a flow into serious delinquency, not the total stock of all delinquent loans, so it is not interchangeable with a cross-sectional delinquency percentage.
Auto Financing Terms, Payments, and Interest Rates
The CFPB’s electric-vehicle-transition study reports loan-level means from a large but study-specific sample of 4,096,083 cross-sectional auto loans drawn from U.S. ABS filings. It covers six-year new-car loans in the study design and should not be presented as the entire U.S. auto-finance market.
| Study measure | CFPB sample mean | Unit or definition |
|---|---|---|
| Vehicle value | $34,929 | Dollars |
| Original loan amount | $34,538 | Dollars |
| Loan-to-value ratio | 1.011 | Study ratio |
| Scheduled monthly payment | $546 | Dollars per month |
| Payment-to-income ratio | 0.087 | Study-defined ratio |
| Original loan term | 74 | Months |
| Original interest rate | 4.8% | Annual interest rate |
| Cross-sectional delinquency | 2.805% | Percent of sampled loans |
The sample’s mean original loan amount was $34,538, against a mean vehicle value of $34,929, and the mean loan-to-value ratio was 1.011. A ratio above 1 indicates that the mean financed amount was higher than the mean vehicle value under the study’s measure; it does not describe every contract.
Promotional features were also common in this sample: rate subvention appeared on 32.3% of loans, while cash back appeared on 37.7%. The CFPB treats those as separate source-defined fields, and neither percentage is a current market quote. CFPB, “Auto Finance in the Electric Vehicle Transition”
Electric, Hybrid, and Combustion Vehicle Financing Statistics
The CFPB sample allows vehicle-type comparisons, but the categories are study classifications within ABS filings. The sample includes 3,910,601 combustion-vehicle loans, 163,038 hybrid loans, and 22,444 electric-vehicle loans.
| Vehicle type | Sampled loans | Mean vehicle value | Mean borrower score | Mean scheduled payment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combustion | 3,910,601 | Not supplied | Not supplied | Not supplied |
| Hybrid | 163,038 | $35,586 | 763 | $609/month |
| Electric | 22,444 | $40,881 | 788 | $530/month |
Electric vehicles had the highest reported mean vehicle value at $40,881, while hybrid vehicles averaged $35,586. Mean borrower credit scores were 788 for electric-vehicle borrowers and 763 for hybrid borrowers, and mean scheduled payments were $530 and $609 per month, respectively.
The interest-rate comparison also needs to remain within the study sample: hybrid loans had a mean original rate of 3.7%, while electric-vehicle loans had a mean original rate of 2.3%. These are original rates in the CFPB sample rather than current offers available to shoppers. CFPB, “Auto Finance in the Electric Vehicle Transition”
Automotive Financing Delinquency, Servicing, and Negative Equity Evidence
Delinquency statistics vary because datasets measure different populations and thresholds. The Federal Reserve’s cited series defines auto-loan delinquency as at least 30 days past due, while the New York Fed serious-delinquency flow uses 90-plus days; the CFPB study uses its own cross-sectional and panel measures.
Within the CFPB cross-section, mean delinquency was 1.300% for hybrid loans and 0.272% for electric-vehicle loans. Across the complete study panel, monthly delinquency averaged 0.197% overall, 0.201% for combustion loans, 0.092% for hybrid loans, and 0.035% for electric-vehicle loans.
| CFPB measure | Overall | Combustion | Hybrid | Electric |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross-sectional delinquency | 2.805% | Not supplied | 1.300% | 0.272% |
| Average monthly panel delinquency | 0.197% | 0.201% | 0.092% | 0.035% |
The cross-sectional and panel rows are not interchangeable: one is a study cross-section and the other is a monthly panel statistic. The vehicle-type results also come from the study-specific ABS-filing sample, not a complete census. CFPB, “Auto Finance in the Electric Vehicle Transition”
The CFPB’s combined auto-finance pilot contains almost 34 million loan originations from 2018 through 2022. It is a de-identified pilot dataset rather than a complete census, and the CFPB notes that no centralized complete auto-lending dataset exists; repossession data are not reliably measured. CFPB, “Negative Equity in Auto Lending”
For used-auto analysis, the Federal Reserve defines subprime as a VantageScore below 601, near-prime as 601 to 660, and prime as above 660. Those cutoffs are source-specific and should not be merged with the New York Fed’s above-760 origination group or the 620–679 transition analysis. Federal Reserve, “Financial Stability Report, April 2025: Borrowing by Businesses and Households”
Finally, broader debt figures provide scale without isolating automotive financing. Federal Reserve Z.1 accounts put U.S. household debt at $20.2 trillion at the end of Q4 2024, with consumer credit growing at a 2.6% annual rate and household debt growing at a 3.1% annual rate in that quarter; domestic nonfinancial debt totaled $76.7 trillion.
These measures include debts beyond auto loans. Federal Reserve, “Financial Accounts of the United States (Z.1), March 2025 release”